The ongoing civil war in Sudan is threatening more than just regional stability—it’s putting a key ingredient in your favourite fizzy drinks and candy at risk. Gum arabic, a natural resin harvested from acacia trees, is a vital stabilizer and thickener used in products like Coca-Cola, M&M’s, and even L’Oréal lipsticks.
Sudan produces around 80% of the world’s supply, but the conflict between the Sudanese army and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) has disrupted this critical trade, raising concerns for global industries and consumers alike.
According to Reuters, gum Arabic is increasingly being smuggled out of rebel-held areas in Sudan, complicating efforts by Western companies to maintain ethical supply chains. Before the war escalated in April 2023, the resin was transported from Khartoum to Port Sudan for export.
Now, with the RSF controlling key production zones, uncertified gum is flooding informal markets and neighbouring countries at discounted rates—sometimes as low as $1,950 per metric ton compared to the typical $3,000, as reported by industry sources. This lack of certification, such as Sedex standards ensuring conflict-free sourcing, has left companies scrambling to adapt.
Major players like Nexira, a leading Gum Arabic supplier, have reduced imports from Sudan and turned to alternative sources, Reuters notes. However, diversifying isn’t easy—Sudan’s dominance in the market means other nations, previously minor players, struggle to fill the gap. Reports suggest that uncertified gum infiltrating global markets is a growing concern for buyers who prioritise ethical sourcing, especially as the war shows no signs of abating.
The implications extend beyond supply chains. The smuggling surge challenges both international companies and local Sudanese producers, who rely on Gum Arabic as a livelihood. With the RSF imposing fees on traders and establishing a parallel government in controlled regions, the trade has become a lifeline for conflict financing, further destabilising the region.
For consumers, this could mean higher prices or reformulated products if supply shortages persist. The BBC reported in 2023 that Sudan’s conflict was already threatening soft drink ingredients, a warning that’s proving prescient in 2025. As the war grinds on, the fate of Gum Arabic hangs in the balance—potentially leaving your next soda or candy less fizzy and sweet.
