The difference between pre and probiotics, know how they help our gut

Every year on May 29, the world observes ‘World Digestive Health Day’ to raise awareness about the importance of digestive health and how it affects overall well-being. The theme for 2025, "Nourish to Flourish," emphasizes the crucial role of diet and nutrition in maintaining a healthy digestive system. This year's focus shines a light on the gut microbiome and the benefits of incorporating prebiotics and probiotics into our daily lives.

The digestive system does much more than process food; it plays a vital role in nutrient absorption, immune function, and even mental health. However, poor dietary habits, stress, sedentary lifestyles and overuse of medications can disrupt gut health and lead to issues like bloating, constipation, indigestion, and more serious gastrointestinal diseases.

Understanding the gut microbiome

Our gut hosts trillions of micro-organism bacteria, fungi, and viruses that collectively form the gut microbiome. When in balance, this ecosystem supports digestion, produces essential vitamins, helps regulate hormones, and boosts immunity. However, an unhealthy gut can throw the entire system out of sync, impacting not just physical health but mood and cognition as well. This is where prebiotics and probiotics come into play.

What are prebiotics and probiotics?

To better understand these gut-friendly substances, Hook spoke with Dr. Aravind Badiger, an expert in Medicinal Chemistry and the Technical Director at BDR Pharmaceuticals. He explains:

“Probiotics are a mixture of microorganisms which are good for your gastrointestinal tract. They are either live microorganisms or a suspension of live microorganisms which can be consumed by individuals to enhance their concentration inside the gastrointestinal tract.” These live bacteria help restore natural balance in the gut, especially after disturbances like illness or antibiotic use.

Dr. Badiger further adds:

“Prebiotics, on the other hand, are food supplements that support the growth of these body-friendly microorganisms. They help maintain bio-homeostasis, benefiting overall gut health by creating an environment where good bacteria can thrive.” In simple terms, prebiotics feed the probiotics. They are typically found in fiber-rich foods such as bananas, garlic, onions, oats, and leeks.

Why it matters

Incorporating prebiotics and probiotics into your routine can enhance digestion, reduce inflammation, and even improve mental clarity. Fermented foods like yogurt, kefir, kimchi, and kombucha are excellent sources of probiotics. Meanwhile, plant-based fibers from fruits, vegetables, and whole grains act as prebiotics.

The "Nourish to Flourish" message reminds us that our daily food choices directly impact gut health. Eating mindfully, staying hydrated, and supporting your microbiome can help prevent chronic diseases and support long-term wellness.

On this World Digestive Health Day, let’s take a step towards better health by prioritising our gut because when your gut flourishes, so do you.